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Document Type |
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Thesis |
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Document Title |
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Spectrum-aware Routing Protocol for Cognitive Radio Sensor Networks in Smart Grid بروتوكول توجيه معتبر بالطيف لشبكات المستشعرات المعرفية في بيئة الشبكات الذكية |
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Subject |
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Faculty of Computing and Information Technology |
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Document Language |
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Arabic |
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Abstract |
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Traditional power grids are being transformed into smart grid to solve the problems of uni-directional information flow, energy wastage, growing energy demand, reliability and security. It is one of the most important technologies in 21st century. Smart grid involves several segments of power generation, transmission & distribution and customers. These segments employ various sensors for to monitor, analyze and control of the grid. Wireless sensor networks is expected to play a very important role in monitoring and controlling the smart grid. A large number of sensors is expected to communicate wirelessly in order to exchange information. They use license-free 2.4 GHz frequency band which is known as industrial, scientific and medical. This band is often crowded by other wireless networks. Therefore transmissions will suffer from severe interference from other networks sharing the same spectrum which will degrade network performance and make it very difficult to maintain the required quality of service.
Cognitive radio technology has emerged as a key technique in wireless networks to solve spectrum scarcity problem encountered in wireless communications. This technology enables unlicensed secondary users to opportunistically access underutilized licensed spectrum band whenever the licensed users are idle. Integration of cognitive radio with wireless sensor networks produce a new network’s paradigm called cognitive radio sensor networks that utilize a dynamic spectrum access to opportunistically and efficiently utilize the licensed spectrum. Nodes will detect available channels by spectrum sensing and determine communication channel by spectrum decision and change their operation frequencies by spectrum hand-off. In this way, each node senses a different set of idle channels according to time and space. For two nodes to communicate, they must share the same frequency channel.
Currently, clustering protocols have been developed to minimize energy consumption and to prolong network’s lifetime. However, spectrum awareness in not considered. Thus, clustering protocols need to adapt to the changes in the surrounding environment and to optimally consider both energy efficiency and spectrum awareness. Therefore, this thesis develops a fuzzy based energy efficient and spectrum aware clustering protocol called (FEESA) to optimally elect cluster heads based on four conflicting parameters: residual energy, distance to base station, node degree, and channel availability. The performance of the proposed protocol is simulated using MATLAB and Mamdani fuzzy inference system. Two simulation scenarios and three performance metrics were used. The proposed fuzzy clustering protocol is compared with three different protocols: a basic energy efficient protocol, a spectrum aware protocol, and an energy efficient spectrum aware protocol which uses a weighting function. The simulation results indicate the effectiveness of the proposed fuzzy based clustering protocol to extend network lifetime and reduce energy consumption. |
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Supervisor |
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Dr. laila Nassef Attia Mohamed |
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Thesis Type |
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Master Thesis |
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Publishing Year |
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1440 AH
2019 AD |
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Co-Supervisor |
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Dr. Etemad Ahmed Mohamed Ahmed Fadel |
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Added Date |
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Wednesday, July 24, 2019 |
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Researchers
| علا علي البشري | Albeshri, Ola Ali | Researcher | Master | |
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