Document Details
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Document Type |
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Thesis |
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Document Title |
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Determination and Environmental Remediation of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs from Model and Real Samples تقدير ومعالجة البيئة من الأدوية المضادة للالتهاب غير الستيرويدية في العينات النموذجية والحقيقية |
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Subject |
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Faculty of Sciences |
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Document Language |
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Arabic |
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Abstract |
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Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) is a group of medications widely used to treat and relieve inflammation and pain. Unfortunately, after use, these drugs may have some adverse effects on living organisms if found in the aquatic system due to different human activities. This is because NSAIDs are endocrine disruptors that can cause changes in animal physiology.
In this study, an analytical method was developed to determine Ibuprofen (Ibu), Ketoprofen (Keto), Naproxen (Nap) and Diclofenac sodium salt (Dic) in model and real samples. The analytical method used in this study based on the High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) using reversed phase (RP-HPLC) with isocratic elution at retention time (tR) less than 15 minutes for the determination of the concentration of mixture contains the above mentioned compounds in water. The effect of temperature on retention, selectivity, resolution, efficiency and on retention mechanism were studied. Also, the effect of flow rate on retention and effect of injection volume were studied, with limit of detection (LOD) about 0.007 (µg/L) and limit of quantitation (LOQ) about 0.02 (µg/L).
The developed method was applied for the determination of the target NSAIDs compounds on real water samples; wastewater and tap water, and biological samples; urine, and the recovery percentage obtained was above 90% for all samples and compounds. Also, the developed method was applied for the determination of the target compounds in different commercial medicine formulation (Brufen, Profenid, Proxen and Volraren Retared) as an examples of real drugs, and the recovery percentage obtained was above 90% for all samples and compounds, as well.
This study also explores the remediation and removal of these compounds from aqueous solution by high surface area nanographene (HSANGs) via adsorption procedure. The characterization showed the presence of graphene as over layered nanoplatelets , smooth surface and many wrinkles, and high specific surface area of 677.5 m2g-1. The effect of different operational and environmental parameters which affect the removal process were studied and investigated; adsorption time, HSANGs mass, solution pH and temperature. The adsorption process was studied kinetically at different temperatures, and the experimental data were fitted well to the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Also, the adsorption mechanism was explored using intra-particle diffusion and liquid film diffusion model, and the results revealed that none of these models was the rate-determination steps, and the adsorption may be controlled by both models. The adsorption was studied thermodynamically and the Gibbs free energy change (ΔGº), enthalpy change (ΔHº), and entropy change (ΔSº), were calculated . The results showed that the removal was spontaneous and entropy driving, due to the negative Gibbs free energy, positive entropy and the positive enthalpy values. The great efficiency of HSANGs showed when they were used for the removal of Ibuprofen, Ketoprofen, Naproxen and Diclofenac sodium salt from model samples above 80%. The remediation and removal of these compounds from real water samples; wastewater and tap water was explored also by HSANGs via adsorption procedure, and the removal percentage obtained was between (70%-90%).
Magnetic separation was applied in his work by study the adsorption of the four NSAIDs compounds under study from aqueous model and real soluion using magnetic nanographenes (MNGs) that prepared by Graphene nanoplates (GNPs) and Magnetite ( Iron (II.III) oxide (Fe3O4)). This separation technique reduce separation time by replacing filtration step by the magnetic separation step using ordinary magnet to collect the MNGs from solution. The MNGs were characterized using different characterization techniques which showed the homogenous distribution of the magnetite nanoparticles at the surface of the GNPs and high specific surface area. Also, the effect of different operational and environmental parameters which affect the removal process were studied and investigated; in addition to the kinetic and thermodynamic studies for the removal of the target NSAIDs compounds from model solution which is evident from it that the adsorption process mainly followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, and the adsorption mechanism may be controlled by intra-particle diffusion and liquid film diffusion model. Finally, the MNGs showed great efficiency in removal of Ibuprofen, Ketoprofen, Naproxen and Diclofenac sodium salt from samples. Also, the remediation and removal of these compounds from real water samples; wastewater and tap water was explored by MNGs via adsorption procedure, and the removal percentage obtained was between (50%-90%). |
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Supervisor |
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Dr. Latifa Abu Bakr al-Khatib |
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Thesis Type |
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Master Thesis |
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Publishing Year |
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1438 AH
2016 AD |
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Added Date |
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Sunday, January 1, 2017 |
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Researchers
| وئام عصام حكمي | Hakami, Weaam Esam | Researcher | Master | |
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